29–30 June 1913
The outbreak of the Second Balkan War occurred immediately after the end of the Balkan Wars, with growing discontent, contradictions, and military tensions among the Balkan allies. On June 29-30, 1913, Ferdinand I of Bulgaria ordered an attack on Greece and Serbia, which marked the beginning of the Second Balkan War. The conflict concluded on July 31, 1913, with Bulgaria’s defeat, which ultimately alleviated the threat of Bulgarian invasion to Albanian territories. Following the war, the Serbian army occupied Albanian territories in Western Macedonia, while the Greek army took control of Chameria, including Ioannina. The Balkan allies presented their demands to annex Albanian lands to the Conference of Ambassadors in London. As a result, by the end of the Balkan Wars (1912-1913) and based on the decisions of the Conference of Ambassadors and the Protocol of Florence, the Great Powers left substantial parts of northern, eastern, and southern Albanian territories outside the Albanian state’s borders, with these areas being annexed by Montenegro, Serbia, and Greece, respectively. (In the photo: Map showing the final territorial gains of the Balkan countries after the Balkan Wars.)
Text: Albanian encyclopedic dictionary – Vol. 2 , Academy of Sciences of Albania, “Kristalina-KH”, Tirana, 2008, page 1557.
Photo: © https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lufta_e_Dyt%C3%AB_Balkanike
Graphic processing: AHCF
